Portugal is known for its stunning coastlines, historic cities, and delicious cuisine, but there’s much more to this charming country than meets the eye. From its world-famous explorers to lesser-known traditions and landmarks, Portugal is full of surprising facts that even frequent travelers may not know. Here are six fascinating facts about Portugal that will make you appreciate this beautiful country even more.
1. Portugal Is One of the Oldest Countries in Europe
Did you know that Portugal’s borders have remained largely unchanged since the 12th century? Portugal became an independent kingdom in 1139, making it one of the oldest nations in Europe. The country’s long history is evident in its many castles, ancient cities, and historical landmarks, such as the Belem Tower in Lisbon and the Castle of the Moors in Sintra. Portugal’s rich heritage has helped preserve its unique culture, making it a treasure trove for history lovers.
2. Portugal Was Once a Global Superpower
During the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal was at the forefront of the Age of Exploration and was one of the most powerful empires in the world. Famous explorers like Vasco da Gama and Ferdinand Magellan (who led the first circumnavigation of the globe) sailed from Portugal, charting new territories and opening trade routes across Asia, Africa, and the Americas. The country’s maritime dominance led to the establishment of a vast colonial empire, including territories in Brazil, India, and Africa.
3. The World’s Oldest Bookstore Is in Portugal
Book lovers, rejoice! The world’s oldest operating bookstore, Livraria Bertrand, is located in the heart of Lisbon. Founded in 1732, this charming bookstore has been a hub for literary culture for nearly three centuries. It holds the Guinness World Record for the world’s oldest bookstore still in operation and remains a must-visit destination for travelers who want to soak in history while browsing its collection of books.
4. Portugal Is Home to Europe’s Longest Bridge
Stretching over 17 kilometers (10.7 miles), the Vasco da Gama Bridge in Lisbon is the longest bridge in Europe. Completed in 1998 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of Vasco da Gama’s voyage to India, the bridge spans the Tagus River and is a vital link between the city and the south of the country. The bridge’s sheer length is impressive, and driving across it offers breathtaking views of Lisbon and the surrounding coastline.
5. Portugal Is the World’s Largest Producer of Cork
If you’ve ever popped open a bottle of wine, chances are you’ve encountered cork from Portugal. The country is the world’s largest producer of cork, accounting for nearly 50% of the global supply. The Alentejo region is home to vast cork oak forests, where cork is harvested sustainably every nine years without damaging the trees. Cork isn’t just used for wine stoppers; it’s also used in fashion, design, and even aerospace technology.
6. Fado: Portugal’s Soulful Music
Fado, a deeply emotional and melancholic style of music, is unique to Portugal and is often referred to as the soul of the country. Originating in the early 19th century, Fado songs are traditionally accompanied by guitar and feature lyrics about love, loss, and longing (known as “saudade”, a Portuguese term for deep nostalgia or yearning). Fado was recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2011 and remains an integral part of Portuguese culture, particularly in Lisbon’s Alfama and Bairro Alto neighborhoods.
Final Thoughts: Portugal’s Hidden Gems
Portugal is a country that seamlessly blends history, culture, and natural beauty. Whether you’re drawn to its ancient cities, vibrant culture, or breathtaking landscapes, there’s always something new to discover. These six lesser-known facts about Portugal are just the beginning of what makes this destination so unique and fascinating.
So, the next time you’re exploring Portugal’s cobblestone streets or enjoying a glass of vinho verde, remember that there’s a wealth of history and culture waiting to be uncovered.
